Question 23M.3.SL.TZ1.8
Date | May 2023 | Marks available | [Maximum mark: 5] | Reference code | 23M.3.SL.TZ1.8 |
Level | SL | Paper | 3 | Time zone | TZ1 |
Command term | Explain, State | Question number | 8 | Adapted from | N/A |
The graph shows the changes in the composition of biogas inside a fermenter.
[Source: Náthia-Neves, G., de Alencar Neves, T., Berni, M., Dragone, G., Mussatto, S., Forster-Carneiro, T., 2018. Start-up phase
of a two-stage anaerobic co-digestion process: hydrogen and methane production from food waste and vinasse from
ethanol industry. Biofuel Research Journal, [e-journal] 5(2), pp. 813–820. https://dx.doi.org/10.18331/BRJ2018.5.2.5.]
Explain the changes in biogas composition from day 40.
[3]
- increase in methane;
- produced by methanogens/archaeans;
- in anaerobic conditions/absence of oxygen;
- decrease in carbon dioxide which is converted into methane;
- some methane and carbon dioxide produced by breakdown of organic acids/alcohol/organic compounds;
Ignore any data from 0 to 40 days Ignore any comments on hydrogen – it is 0 from 40 days
Accept correct formulae
There were references to gases increasing or decreasing without an explanation.

State one source of organic matter that can be used to produce biogas.
[1]
manure/animal dung/household waste/sewage/farm waste/bagasse;
Generally correctly answered, usually with household waste.

Solid and liquid waste are generated during biogas production. State how this waste can be used.
[1]
(slurry) can be used as fertilizer;
Accept other verified examples
Generally correctly answered, usually with household waste.
