Question 18N.2.HL.TZ0.4d.ii
| Date | November 2018 | Marks available | [Maximum mark: 2] | Reference code | 18N.2.HL.TZ0.4d.ii |
| Level | HL | Paper | 2 | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Discuss | Question number | d.ii | Adapted from | N/A |
Boreal forests stretch across Canada, Russia and Scandinavia. This northern ecosystem accounts for 29 % of the world’s forest areas. The long, cold winters favour tall evergreen trees with either needles or scale-like leaves. These trees are wind-pollinated and their seeds are not enclosed in a fruit. The photograph shows a typical boreal forest in winter.
Discuss the advantages of the production of seeds enclosed in fruit.
[2]
a. seeds are protected «inside the fruit» ✔
b. seed dispersal by fruits ✔
c. example of a strategy for seed dispersal by a fruit ✔
d. dispersal reduces competition/spreads seeds away from parent plant/to colonize new areas ✔
For mpc suitable strategies are dispersal by wind, by animals ingesting/carrying away succulent fruits, by animals being attracted to colourful/sweet/tasty fruits, by animals burying nuts, by burrs or other hooked fruits sticking to animals and by self-explosion.
