Question 20N.2.SL.TZ0.e
| Date | November 2020 | Marks available | [Maximum mark: 3] | Reference code | 20N.2.SL.TZ0.e |
| Level | SL | Paper | 2 | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Evaluate | Question number | e | Adapted from | N/A |
A study was conducted to look at the short-term effects of a change in diet on the risk of disease in young adults. The table shows data on the habitual diet of the participants as well as the study diet followed for two weeks.
[Source: Horowitz, J.F., Ortega, J.F., Hinko, A., Li, M., Nelson, R.K. and Mora-Rodriguez, R.,
2018. Changes in markers for cardio-metabolic disease risk after only 1-2 weeks of a high saturated fat diet in
overweight adults. PLoS ONE, 13(6), e0198372.]
Total blood plasma cholesterol levels were measured before the study began and once a week after starting the study diet. Mean results are shown in the bar chart, including the standard deviation.
[Source: Horowitz, J.F., Ortega, J.F., Hinko, A., Li, M., Nelson, R.K. and Mora-Rodriguez, R.,
2018. Changes in markers for cardio-metabolic disease risk after only 1-2 weeks of a high saturated fat diet in
overweight adults. PLoS ONE, 13(6), e0198372.]
Control of blood glucose concentration was investigated using an oral glucose tolerance test. For this test, the person was given a concentrated glucose drink (at time zero) and then blood samples were taken every 15 minutes to determine the plasma insulin level. This test was done before the study diet and after two weeks on the study diet. Mean results are shown in the graph, including the standard deviation.
[Source: Horowitz, J.F., Ortega, J.F., Hinko, A., Li, M., Nelson, R.K. and Mora-Rodriguez, R.,
2018. Changes in markers for cardio-metabolic disease risk after only 1-2 weeks of a high saturated fat diet in
overweight adults. PLoS ONE, 13(6), e0198372.]
The hypothesis made before the study was that saturated fats in the diet affected the risk of coronary artery blockage and diabetes. Using all the data in question 1, evaluate whether this hypothesis is supported by the study.
[3]
Hypothesis is partially supported
a. Increased saturated fats in study diet resulted in increase in cholesterol levels;
b. cholesterol level is risk for blockage of coronary arteries;
Hypothesis is not supported
c. high insulin levels are sign of (Type II) diabetes;
d. insulin levels were the same in both diets so no increased risk;
e. study only 2 weeks long;
