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Question 18N.2.HL.TZ0.1d.i

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Date November 2018 Marks available [Maximum mark: 1] Reference code 18N.2.HL.TZ0.1d.i
Level HL Paper 2 Time zone TZ0
Command term Deduce Question number d.i Adapted from N/A
d.i.
[Maximum mark: 1]
18N.2.HL.TZ0.1d.i

Mutagens can be removed from the body by converting them to readily excreted metabolites. NNK is converted to a metabolite, NNAL-Gluc, which can be used as a biomarker for the uptake of NNK. Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, is an indicator of tobacco smoke uptake. The graph shows the relationship between these two metabolites in the urine of 233 smokers.

(d.i)

Deduce, with a reason, whether the concentrations of cotinine and NNAL-Gluc would be higher in the urine or in the blood plasma of a smoker.

[1]

Markscheme

higher in urine due to concentration of waste products «during the process of urine production»
OR
higher in urine because water is reabsorbed «from glomerular filtrate/in the collecting duct»/ because «waste products» are not reabsorbed ✔

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