Question 23M.3.HL.TZ1.16
Date | May 2023 | Marks available | [Maximum mark: 7] | Reference code | 23M.3.HL.TZ1.16 |
Level | HL | Paper | 3 | Time zone | TZ1 |
Command term | Deduce, Explain, State | Question number | 16 | Adapted from | N/A |
Drugs are commonly prescribed by medical professionals to treat illness.
State two different drug administration methods.
[1]
Any two of:
oral ✓
inhalation ✓
topical/applied to the skin ✓
parenteral/injection ✓
suppositories ✓
eye/ear drops ✓
One mark for any two correct methods.
Count multiple methods of injection (intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous) as just one method.

Explain how aspirin works as a mild analgesic.
[2]
interferes with pain at source «of injury» ✓
prevents release of prostaglandins/substances causing swelling/pain ✓

Deduce the structural formulae of the missing reactant A and product B in the synthesis of aspirin from salicylic acid.
[2]
ALTERNATIVE 1:
A: CH3COOCOCH3 ✓
B: CH3COOH ✓
ALTERNATIVE 2:
A: CH3COOH ✓
B: H2O ✓
ALTERNATIVE 3:
A: CH3COCl ✓
B: HCl ✓
Accept expanded structural formulas.
State one advantage and one disadvantage of prescribing opiates to patients.
Advantage: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Disadvantage: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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[2]
Advantage:
strong/severe/surgical pain relief
OR
stops coughing reflex
OR
fast action ✓
Disadvantage:
addiction
OR
constipation
OR
tolerance «leading to overdose» ✓
Accept strong painkillers/analgesics for M1.
Accept constipation for M1 if not given as a disadvantage.
Accept small therapeutic window for M2.
Accept other named specific side effect for M2.