DP Chemistry (last assessment 2024)

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Question 23M.3.HL.TZ1.16

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Date May 2023 Marks available [Maximum mark: 7] Reference code 23M.3.HL.TZ1.16
Level HL Paper 3 Time zone TZ1
Command term Deduce, Explain, State Question number 16 Adapted from N/A
16.
[Maximum mark: 7]
23M.3.HL.TZ1.16

Drugs are commonly prescribed by medical professionals to treat illness.

(a)

State two different drug administration methods.

[1]

Markscheme

Any two of:
oral ✓
inhalation ✓
topical/applied to the skin ✓
parenteral/injection ✓
suppositories ✓
eye/ear drops ✓

 

One mark for any two correct methods.

Count multiple methods of injection (intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous) as just one method.

(b)

Explain how aspirin works as a mild analgesic.

[2]

Markscheme

interferes with pain at source «of injury» ✓
prevents release of prostaglandins/substances causing swelling/pain ✓

(c)

Deduce the structural formulae of the missing reactant A and product B in the synthesis of aspirin from salicylic acid.

[2]

Markscheme

ALTERNATIVE 1:
A: CH3COOCOCH3 ✓
B: CH3COOH ✓

ALTERNATIVE 2:
A: CH3COOH ✓
B: H2O ✓

ALTERNATIVE 3:
A: CH3COCl ✓
B: HCl ✓

 

Accept expanded structural formulas.

(d)

State one advantage and one disadvantage of prescribing opiates to patients.

 

Advantage: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

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Disadvantage: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

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[2]

Markscheme

Advantage:
strong/severe/surgical pain relief
OR
stops coughing reflex
OR
fast action ✓

Disadvantage:
addiction
OR
constipation
OR
tolerance «leading to overdose» ✓

 

Accept strong painkillers/analgesics for M1.

Accept constipation for M1 if not given as a disadvantage.

Accept small therapeutic window for M2.
Accept other named specific side effect for M2.