Question 18M.3.SL.TZ2.12
| Date | May 2018 | Marks available | [Maximum mark: 6] | Reference code | 18M.3.SL.TZ2.12 |
| Level | SL | Paper | 3 | Time zone | TZ2 |
| Command term | Determine, Explain, Outline | Question number | 12 | Adapted from | N/A |
One challenge associated with establishing nature reserves is concerns about edge effects. The graph shows that some edge effects in the Amazon rainforest are detected quite far in from the edge.
Determine how far from the forest edge an increase in disturbance-adapted beetles would be detected.
[1]
200 m / 0 to 200 m
Units required.
With respect to the example of disturbance-adapted beetles, explain what is meant by an indicator species.
[2]
a. species whose numbers/abundance are affected by a particular environmental condition
OR
species used to assess a specific environmental condition
b. «the presence of disturbance adapted beetles» indicates that the environment has been disturbed
c. «the presence of disturbance adapted beetles» indicates that there is an edge «within 200 m»
Outline how reserve size and shape can impact edge effects.
[3]
a. small reserve has greater edge «relative to area therefore more edge effects»
b. changing shape can change edge length/perimeter for a given area «changing edge effects»
c.«at the edge there is» interaction of two communities
OR
different species may be better at invading into neighbouring community
OR
edge favors disturbance-adapted species
OWTTE.