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Question 18N.2.HL.TZ0.a

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Date November 2018 Marks available [Maximum mark: 3] Reference code 18N.2.HL.TZ0.a
Level HL Paper 2 Time zone TZ0
Command term Distinguish Question number a Adapted from N/A
a.
[Maximum mark: 3]
18N.2.HL.TZ0.a

Extensive areas of the rainforest in Cambodia are being cleared for large-scale rubber plantations. Distinguish between the sustainability of natural ecosystems such as rainforests and the sustainability of areas used for agriculture.

[3]

Markscheme

a. sustainable communities/ecosystems allow continued survival of organisms/OWTTE ✔

b. natural ecosystems can be sustainable over long periods of time/OWTTE ✔

c. natural ecosystems/rainforest more sustainable than agricultural areas/plantations ✔

d. diverse community/high biodiversity/higher biodiversity in natural ecosystems/rainforest
OR
less/low biodiversity in agricultural areas/agricultural soils ✔

e. agricultural areas/monocultures more affected by pests/diseases ✔

f. nutrient recycling «efficient» in natural ecosystems/rainforest ✔

g. nutrients removed with crops/nutrients removed when crops are harvested
OR
less formation of humus/less organic matter in agricultural soils ✔

h. more water recycling/more rainfall/more transpiration in natural ecosystems/rainforest ✔

i. larger biomass/more carbon stored «in biomass» in natural ecosystems/rainforest ✔

j. shallower soils/less soil erosion/degraded soils/infertile soils in agricultural areas ✔

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