| Syllabus sections » |
2.4 Proteins
Description
| Nature of science: Looking for patterns, trends and discrepancies—most but not all organisms assemble proteins from the same amino acids. (3.1) |
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Understandings:
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Utilization:
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Directly related questions
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21M.2.SL.TZ2.3a:
State one function of Rubisco.
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21M.2.SL.TZ2.3a:
State one function of Rubisco.
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21M.2.SL.TZ2.a:
State one function of Rubisco.
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21M.2.SL.TZ2.3c:
State the genus of the plant where this Rubisco is found.
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21M.2.SL.TZ2.3c:
State the genus of the plant where this Rubisco is found.
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21M.2.SL.TZ2.c:
State the genus of the plant where this Rubisco is found.
- 19M.1.HL.TZ2.16: Which protein is identified with its function?
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22M.2.SL.TZ1.2c:
Explain how denaturation affects the activity of an enzyme.
- 22M.2.SL.TZ1.2a: State how many different types of amino acid there are, which can become part of a polypeptide...
- 19M.1.HL.TZ2.16: Which protein is identified with its function?
- 22M.2.SL.TZ1.2a: State how many different types of amino acid there are, which can become part of a polypeptide...
- 22M.2.SL.TZ1.a: State how many different types of amino acid there are, which can become part of a polypeptide...
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22M.2.SL.TZ1.2c:
Explain how denaturation affects the activity of an enzyme.
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22M.2.SL.TZ1.c:
Explain how denaturation affects the activity of an enzyme.
- 17N.1.HL.TZ0.05: Which of the molecules contain peptide bonds or are sugar molecules?
- 17N.1.SL.TZ0.06: Which molecule could be hydrolysed into amino acids?
- 17N.1.SL.TZ0.06: Which molecule could be hydrolysed into amino acids?
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18M.1.SL.TZ1.9:
Which protein has the highest tensile strength (ability to resist breaking when stretched)?
A. Cellulose
B. Actin
C. Spider silk
D. Albumin
- 17N.1.HL.TZ0.05: Which of the molecules contain peptide bonds or are sugar molecules?
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18M.1.SL.TZ1.9:
Which protein has the highest tensile strength (ability to resist breaking when stretched)?
A. Cellulose
B. Actin
C. Spider silk
D. Albumin
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18M.2.HL.TZ1.6c:
Hydrogen bonds can exist both within and between molecules in living organisms and have an impact on their structure and function. Explain the importance of hydrogen bonding for living organisms.
- 18M.1.SL.TZ2.10: Which description matches the protein?
- 18M.1.SL.TZ2.10: Which description matches the protein?
- 19M.1.SL.TZ1.8: What is found in insulin molecules? A. Phosphates B. Nucleotides C. Peptide bonds D. Glycerol
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18M.2.HL.TZ1.6c:
Hydrogen bonds can exist both within and between molecules in living organisms and have an impact on their structure and function. Explain the importance of hydrogen bonding for living organisms.
- 19M.1.SL.TZ1.8: What is found in insulin molecules? A. Phosphates B. Nucleotides C. Peptide bonds D. Glycerol
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19M.1.SL.TZ1.9:
The graph shows the results of an investigation into the activity of turnip peroxidase. The accumulation of the product of the reaction catalysed by the enzyme is shown at different pH values.
[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019]
Based on the data in the graph, what is most probably the optimum pH for turnip peroxidase?
A. Between 3 and 5
B. Between 10 and 11
C. Between 7 and 8
D. Between 9 and 10
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19M.1.SL.TZ2.8:
Which statement correctly describes genome and proteome?
A. Only the genome but not the proteome can be analysed using gel electrophoresis.
B. The genome and the proteome are the same in all tissues in an organism.
C. In cells of different tissues, the genome is the same while the proteome varies.
D. Only mutations in the proteome but not in the genome cause any variability.
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18M.2.HL.TZ1.c:
Hydrogen bonds can exist both within and between molecules in living organisms and have an impact on their structure and function. Explain the importance of hydrogen bonding for living organisms.
- 19N.1.HL.TZ0.6: What is a proteome? A. The genes that code for all the proteins in the ribosome B. The group of...
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19M.1.SL.TZ1.9:
The graph shows the results of an investigation into the activity of turnip peroxidase. The accumulation of the product of the reaction catalysed by the enzyme is shown at different pH values.
[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019]
Based on the data in the graph, what is most probably the optimum pH for turnip peroxidase?
A. Between 3 and 5
B. Between 10 and 11
C. Between 7 and 8
D. Between 9 and 10
- 19N.1.HL.TZ0.6: What is a proteome? A. The genes that code for all the proteins in the ribosome B. The group of...
- 20N.1.SL.TZ0.8: The genetic code is shown. In a coding gene, the DNA triplet in the transcribed strand is...
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19M.1.SL.TZ2.8:
Which statement correctly describes genome and proteome?
A. Only the genome but not the proteome can be analysed using gel electrophoresis.
B. The genome and the proteome are the same in all tissues in an organism.
C. In cells of different tissues, the genome is the same while the proteome varies.
D. Only mutations in the proteome but not in the genome cause any variability.
- 21M.2.SL.TZ1.6a: Outline the structure of proteins.
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19M.1.HL.TZ2.9:
The graph shows the activity of an enzyme at different temperatures.
[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019]
What does the dashed line in the graph represent?
A. Increasing temperature increases substrate concentration.
B. Increasing temperature affects the active site.
C. Increasing temperature increases the rate of reaction.
D. Increasing temperature decreases the movement of particles.
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19M.1.HL.TZ2.9:
The graph shows the activity of an enzyme at different temperatures.
[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019]
What does the dashed line in the graph represent?
A. Increasing temperature increases substrate concentration.
B. Increasing temperature affects the active site.
C. Increasing temperature increases the rate of reaction.
D. Increasing temperature decreases the movement of particles.
- 20N.1.SL.TZ0.8: The genetic code is shown. In a coding gene, the DNA triplet in the transcribed strand is...
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21M.2.SL.TZ2.3d:
Outline one factor that could affect the activity of Rubisco.
- 21M.2.SL.TZ1.6a: Outline the structure of proteins.
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21M.2.SL.TZ2.3d:
Outline one factor that could affect the activity of Rubisco.
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21M.2.SL.TZ2.d:
Outline one factor that could affect the activity of Rubisco.
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21N.1.HL.TZ1.6:
The image shows the structure of the protein hemoglobin
[Source: Hemoglobin molecule, Microbiology ID: [email protected] OpenStax Microbiology
https://cnx.org/contents/[email protected] and https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:OSC_Microbio_07_04_
hemoglobin.jpg Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.]What level of protein structure bonds the α and β chains together?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
- 21M.2.SL.TZ1.a: Outline the structure of proteins.
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21M.2.SL.TZ1.6c:
Outline the range of functions of proteins in cells.
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21N.1.HL.TZ1.6:
The image shows the structure of the protein hemoglobin
[Source: Hemoglobin molecule, Microbiology ID: [email protected] OpenStax Microbiology
https://cnx.org/contents/[email protected] and https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:OSC_Microbio_07_04_
hemoglobin.jpg Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.]What level of protein structure bonds the α and β chains together?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
- 21M.2.HL.TZ2.6c: The enzyme Rubisco is used in carbon fixation during photosynthesis. Identify four other examples...
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21M.2.SL.TZ1.6c:
Outline the range of functions of proteins in cells.
- 21M.2.HL.TZ2.6c: The enzyme Rubisco is used in carbon fixation during photosynthesis. Identify four other examples...
- 21M.2.HL.TZ2.c: The enzyme Rubisco is used in carbon fixation during photosynthesis. Identify four other examples...
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21M.2.SL.TZ1.c:
Outline the range of functions of proteins in cells.
- 22M.2.SL.TZ1.2b: Outline one cause of denaturation in proteins.
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21N.2.HL.TZ0.8a:
Outline the process of protein denaturation.
- 21N.2.SL.TZ0.2b: Outline the specific functions of three named proteins.
- 21N.2.SL.TZ0.2b: Outline the specific functions of three named proteins.
- 21N.2.SL.TZ0.b: Outline the specific functions of three named proteins.
- 22M.2.SL.TZ1.2b: Outline one cause of denaturation in proteins.
- 22M.1.SL.TZ2.9: People who suffer from night blindness cannot see well at night because their retinal cells...
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21N.2.HL.TZ0.8a:
Outline the process of protein denaturation.
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21N.2.HL.TZ0.a:
Outline the process of protein denaturation.
- 22M.2.SL.TZ1.b: Outline one cause of denaturation in proteins.
- 22N.2.SL.TZ0.3b: State one protein that acts as a hormone.
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22M.1.HL.TZ2.6:
The diagram shows the structure of the protein CXCL12.
[Source: Lu, J., Chatterjee, M., Schmid, H. et al. CXCL14 as an emerging immune and inflammatory modulator.
J Inflamm 13, 1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12950-015-0109-9 Distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).]Which chemical group is found at X?
A. NH2
B. NOH
C. COH
D. COOH
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22M.1.HL.TZ2.6:
The diagram shows the structure of the protein CXCL12.
[Source: Lu, J., Chatterjee, M., Schmid, H. et al. CXCL14 as an emerging immune and inflammatory modulator.
J Inflamm 13, 1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12950-015-0109-9 Distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).]Which chemical group is found at X?
A. NH2
B. NOH
C. COH
D. COOH
- 22M.1.SL.TZ2.9: People who suffer from night blindness cannot see well at night because their retinal cells...
- 22N.2.SL.TZ0.3b: State one protein that acts as a hormone.
- 22N.2.SL.TZ0.b: State one protein that acts as a hormone.
- 23M.2.HL.TZ1.2b: The receptor contains seven alpha helices and one other secondary structure. Deduce what this...
- 23M.2.HL.TZ2.2a: Arginine and ornithine are in the same group of biochemicals. Identify this group.
- 23M.2.HL.TZ1.2b: The receptor contains seven alpha helices and one other secondary structure. Deduce what this...
- 23M.2.HL.TZ2.2a: Arginine and ornithine are in the same group of biochemicals. Identify this group.
- 23M.2.HL.TZ2.a: Arginine and ornithine are in the same group of biochemicals. Identify this group.
- 23M.2.HL.TZ1.b: The receptor contains seven alpha helices and one other secondary structure. Deduce what this...
- 23M.1.HL.TZ2.7: What is the proteome of an individual? A. The amino acids unique to an individual making up the...
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23M.2.HL.TZ2.7a:
Describe the structure of proteins, including features that are common to all proteins and features that vary.
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23M.1.HL.TZ1.7:
The table shows the approximate energy stores in a man with an average mass.
Available energy / kJ Organ or tissue Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Brain 30 0 0 Liver 1700 2000 1700 Adipose tissue 330 560 000 170 [Source: Reprinted from Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 5(2),
Cahill Jr., G.F., Starvation in Man, Copyright (1976), with permission from Elsevier.]
What can be concluded from the data?
A. The brain contains no short-term stored energy.B. The liver contains less long-term than short-term stored energy.
C. The adipose tissue provides for most of the long-term energy storage.
D. Carbohydrates provide more energy per gram than lipids or proteins.
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23M.1.SL.TZ1.8:
The table shows the approximate energy stores in a man with an average mass.
Available energy / kJ Organ or tissue Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Brain 30 0 0 Liver 1700 2000 1700 Adipose tissue 330 560 000 170 [Source: Reprinted from Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 5(2),
Cahill Jr., G.F., Starvation in Man, Copyright (1976), with permission from Elsevier.]
What can be concluded from the data?
A. The brain contains no short-term stored energy.B. The liver contains less long-term than short-term stored energy.
C. The adipose tissue provides for most of the long-term energy storage.
D. Carbohydrates provide more energy per gram than lipids or proteins.
- 23M.1.HL.TZ2.7: What is the proteome of an individual? A. The amino acids unique to an individual making up the...
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23M.2.HL.TZ2.7a:
Describe the structure of proteins, including features that are common to all proteins and features that vary.
-
23M.2.HL.TZ2.a:
Describe the structure of proteins, including features that are common to all proteins and features that vary.
- 23M.1.HL.TZ2.9: The anticodons of three tRNAs and the amino acids they carry are shown in the table. tRNA...
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23M.1.SL.TZ1.8:
The table shows the approximate energy stores in a man with an average mass.
Available energy / kJ Organ or tissue Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Brain 30 0 0 Liver 1700 2000 1700 Adipose tissue 330 560 000 170 [Source: Reprinted from Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 5(2),
Cahill Jr., G.F., Starvation in Man, Copyright (1976), with permission from Elsevier.]
What can be concluded from the data?
A. The brain contains no short-term stored energy.B. The liver contains less long-term than short-term stored energy.
C. The adipose tissue provides for most of the long-term energy storage.
D. Carbohydrates provide more energy per gram than lipids or proteins.
-
23M.1.HL.TZ1.7:
The table shows the approximate energy stores in a man with an average mass.
Available energy / kJ Organ or tissue Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Brain 30 0 0 Liver 1700 2000 1700 Adipose tissue 330 560 000 170 [Source: Reprinted from Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 5(2),
Cahill Jr., G.F., Starvation in Man, Copyright (1976), with permission from Elsevier.]
What can be concluded from the data?
A. The brain contains no short-term stored energy.B. The liver contains less long-term than short-term stored energy.
C. The adipose tissue provides for most of the long-term energy storage.
D. Carbohydrates provide more energy per gram than lipids or proteins.
- 23M.1.SL.TZ2.11: The anticodons of three tRNAs and the amino acids they carry are shown in the table. tRNA...
- 23M.1.SL.TZ2.11: The anticodons of three tRNAs and the amino acids they carry are shown in the table. tRNA...
- 23M.1.HL.TZ2.9: The anticodons of three tRNAs and the amino acids they carry are shown in the table. tRNA...
- 23M.1.HL.TZ2.21: For what reason are daily FSH injections given during IVF treatment? A. To suppress the natural...
- 23M.1.HL.TZ2.21: For what reason are daily FSH injections given during IVF treatment? A. To suppress the natural...
