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Question 20N.3.HL.TZ0.12

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Date November 2020 Marks available [Maximum mark: 10] Reference code 20N.3.HL.TZ0.12
Level HL Paper 3 Time zone TZ0
Command term Calculate, Determine, Outline, State Question number 12 Adapted from N/A
12.
[Maximum mark: 10]
20N.3.HL.TZ0.12
(a)

State two properties of an ideal fluid.

[2]

Markscheme

incompressible

non-viscous

laminar/streamlined flow

Examiners report

The properties of fluids proved to be a very well-studied topic.

A sphere is dropped into a container of oil.
The following data are available.

Density of oil=915kgm-3
Viscosity of oil=37.9×10-3Pas
Volume of sphere=7.24×10-6m3
Mass of sphere=12.6g

(b)

Determine the terminal velocity of the sphere.

[3]

Markscheme

radius of sphere=0.012«m» ✓

 

weight of sphere=6πηrv+ρVg

OR

v=1.26×10-2-915×7.24×10-6×9.816π×37.9×10-3×1.2×10-2 ✓

 

v=6.84«ms1»  ✓

 

Accept use of g=10 leading to v=7.0«ms1»

Allow implicit calculation of radius for MP1

Do not allow ECF for MP3 if buoyant force omitted.

Examiners report

Only those candidates who forgot to include the buoyant force missed marks here.

The sphere is now suspended from a spring so that the sphere is below the surface of the oil.

(c(i))

Determine the force exerted by the spring on the sphere when the sphere is at rest.

[2]

Markscheme

F=mg-ρVg

OR

F=0.0126×9.81-915×7.24×10-6×9.81 

 

F=5.86×10-2«N» ✓

 

Accept use of g=10 leading to F=6.0×10-2N

Examiners report

Continuing from b, most candidates scored full marks.

(c(ii))

The sphere oscillates vertically within the oil at the natural frequency of the sphere-spring system. The energy is reduced in each cycle by 10%. Calculate the Q factor for this system.

[1]

Markscheme

Q=«2π×energy storedenergy lost=2π×10010=»63 ✓

Examiners report

The calculation needed to obtain the Q-factor proved to be known by many.

(c(iii))

Outline the effect on Q of changing the oil to one with greater viscosity.

[2]

Markscheme

drag force increases OR damping increases OR more energy lost per cycle

Q will decrease

Examiners report

Very well answered.