Question 23M.3.HL.TZ2.16
| Date | May 2023 | Marks available | [Maximum mark: 7] | Reference code | 23M.3.HL.TZ2.16 |
| Level | HL | Paper | 3 | Time zone | TZ2 |
| Command term | Calculate, Deduce, Determine, Outline | Question number | 16 | Adapted from | N/A |
The Ghost of Jupiter is a nebula.
Outline what is meant by a nebula.
[1]
cloud/body of dust and gas ✓
Award [1] for a reference to dust OR gas.
Ignore further references to origin of cloud.
Astrophysicists have deduced the nature of this nebula from Earth. Outline how they can make these deductions.
[1]
observation of light from/passing through nebula ✓
part of the model of stellar evolution ✓
MP1 is for any suitable comment that refers to making inferences from the radiation received, including measurement of luminosity or comparison to radiation on Earth to e.g., obtain chemical composition or wavelength shift.
Star X and star Y are in our own galaxy. They appear to move with respect to very distant stars when viewed from Earth during a six-month period. The following data are provided.
| Parallax angle | Apparent brightness | |
| Star X | 0.019 arc-second | 8.4 × 10−9 W m2 |
| Star Y | 0.038 arc-second | 3.1 × 10−9 W m2 |
Deduce which star will appear to move more.
[2]
Star Y ✓
because parallax angle is greater OR star Y is closer «and that means movement relative to distant stars is greater» ✓
Allow reverse argument for star X
Calculate, in m, the distance to star X.
[1]
«distance = × 3.26 × 9.46 × 1015»
1.6 × 1018 «m» ✓
Determine the ratio .
[2]
= ✓
= 10.8 ≈ 11 ✓
Award MP1 if ratio shown with distance or parallax angle.
Award MP1 for any correct substitution into ratio expression
Award [2] for BCA
Allow ECF for incorrect distances from b(i) or b(ii).