DP Biology (first assessment 2025)

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C. Interaction and interdependence » C3.1. Integration of body systems

C3.1. Integration of body systems

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Directly related questions

22N.2.HL.TZ0.1b:
Outline how the shrew labelled P differs from the normal relationship between BCH and brain mass.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1b:
Outline how the shrew labelled P differs from the normal relationship between BCH and brain mass.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.b:
Outline how the shrew labelled P differs from the normal relationship between BCH and brain mass.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1d:
State the season when shrew brain mass is greatest.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1d:
State the season when shrew brain mass is greatest.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.d:
State the season when shrew brain mass is greatest.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1k:
Compare and contrast the results for trials 2 and 9.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1k:
Compare and contrast the results for trials 2 and 9.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.k:
Compare and contrast the results for trials 2 and 9.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1e:
Compare and contrast the results for winter and spring.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1e:
Compare and contrast the results for winter and spring.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.e:
Compare and contrast the results for winter and spring.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1h: Suggest a reason for the difference in the time observed eating and drinking.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1h: Suggest a reason for the difference in the time observed eating and drinking.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.h: Suggest a reason for the difference in the time observed eating and drinking.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1i:
Calculate the percentage of containers that contained food.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1i:
Calculate the percentage of containers that contained food.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.i:
Calculate the percentage of containers that contained food.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1l: With reference to all the data, suggest a reason for the difference in standardized mean path...
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1l: With reference to all the data, suggest a reason for the difference in standardized mean path...
22N.2.HL.TZ0.l: With reference to all the data, suggest a reason for the difference in standardized mean path...
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1a: State the relationship between BCH and brain mass of shrews.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1a: State the relationship between BCH and brain mass of shrews.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.a: State the relationship between BCH and brain mass of shrews.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1c: Suggest a reason that researchers use BCH rather than brain mass to indicate brain size.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1c: Suggest a reason that researchers use BCH rather than brain mass to indicate brain size.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.c: Suggest a reason that researchers use BCH rather than brain mass to indicate brain size.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1g:
State the activity and season that occupied the greatest mean percentage of observation time.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1g:
State the activity and season that occupied the greatest mean percentage of observation time.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.g:
State the activity and season that occupied the greatest mean percentage of observation time.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1j:
Outline a reason that the path length was standardized.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1j:
Outline a reason that the path length was standardized.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.j:
Outline a reason that the path length was standardized.
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.21: What is the cause of positive phototropism? A. Increased concentration of auxin on the side of...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.21: What is the cause of positive phototropism? A. Increased concentration of auxin on the side of...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.21: What is the cause of positive phototropism? A. Increased concentration of auxin on the side of...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.21: What is the cause of positive phototropism? A. Increased concentration of auxin on the side of...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.28:
How is involuntary peristalsis in the intestine directly controlled in humans?

A. By the endocrine system

B. By the central nervous system (CNS)

C. By the sympathetic nervous system

D. By the enteric nervous system (ENS)
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.28:
How is involuntary peristalsis in the intestine directly controlled in humans?

A. By the endocrine system

B. By the central nervous system (CNS)

C. By the sympathetic nervous system

D. By the enteric nervous system (ENS)
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.28:
How is involuntary peristalsis in the intestine directly controlled in humans?

A. By the endocrine system

B. By the central nervous system (CNS)

C. By the sympathetic nervous system

D. By the enteric nervous system (ENS)
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.28:
How is involuntary peristalsis in the intestine directly controlled in humans?

A. By the endocrine system

B. By the central nervous system (CNS)

C. By the sympathetic nervous system

D. By the enteric nervous system (ENS)
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.22: Which role does positive feedback play in fruit ripening? A. The production of ethylene leads to...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.22: Which role does positive feedback play in fruit ripening? A. The production of ethylene leads to...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.22: Which role does positive feedback play in fruit ripening? A. The production of ethylene leads to...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.22: Which role does positive feedback play in fruit ripening? A. The production of ethylene leads to...

Sub sections and their related questions

C3.1.1. System integration

None

C3.1.2. Cells, tissues, organs and body systems as a hierarchy of subsystems that are integrated in a multicellular living organism

None

C3.1.3. Integration of organs in animal bodies by hormonal and nervous signalling and by transport of materials and energy

21M.2.SL.TZ1.6c:
Compare and contrast hormonal and nervous communication.
21M.2.SL.TZ1.6c:
Compare and contrast hormonal and nervous communication.
21M.2.SL.TZ1.c:
Compare and contrast hormonal and nervous communication.

C3.1.4. The brain as a central information integration organ

19M.1B.SL.TZ2.5a:
State the trend in relative brain mass in primates other than humans according to their time of divergence from humans.
19M.1B.SL.TZ2.5b:
Suggest one reason that the relative brain mass of Homo is different from Parapithecus and Australopithecus.
19M.1B.SL.TZ2.5c:
Deduce, with a reason, whether the relative brain mass is a good indicator of brain development.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1a: State the relationship between BCH and brain mass of shrews.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1b:
Outline how the shrew labelled P differs from the normal relationship between BCH and brain mass.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1c: Suggest a reason that researchers use BCH rather than brain mass to indicate brain size.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1d:
State the season when shrew brain mass is greatest.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1e:
Compare and contrast the results for winter and spring.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1g:
State the activity and season that occupied the greatest mean percentage of observation time.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1h: Suggest a reason for the difference in the time observed eating and drinking.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1i:
Calculate the percentage of containers that contained food.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1j:
Outline a reason that the path length was standardized.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1k:
Compare and contrast the results for trials 2 and 9.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1l: With reference to all the data, suggest a reason for the difference in standardized mean path...
19M.1B.SL.TZ2.a:
State the trend in relative brain mass in primates other than humans according to their time of divergence from humans.
19M.1B.SL.TZ2.b:
Suggest one reason that the relative brain mass of Homo is different from Parapithecus and Australopithecus.
19M.1B.SL.TZ2.c:
Deduce, with a reason, whether the relative brain mass is a good indicator of brain development.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1a: State the relationship between BCH and brain mass of shrews.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1b:
Outline how the shrew labelled P differs from the normal relationship between BCH and brain mass.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1c: Suggest a reason that researchers use BCH rather than brain mass to indicate brain size.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1d:
State the season when shrew brain mass is greatest.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1e:
Compare and contrast the results for winter and spring.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1g:
State the activity and season that occupied the greatest mean percentage of observation time.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1h: Suggest a reason for the difference in the time observed eating and drinking.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1i:
Calculate the percentage of containers that contained food.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1j:
Outline a reason that the path length was standardized.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1k:
Compare and contrast the results for trials 2 and 9.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.1l: With reference to all the data, suggest a reason for the difference in standardized mean path...
22N.2.HL.TZ0.a: State the relationship between BCH and brain mass of shrews.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.b:
Outline how the shrew labelled P differs from the normal relationship between BCH and brain mass.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.c: Suggest a reason that researchers use BCH rather than brain mass to indicate brain size.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.d:
State the season when shrew brain mass is greatest.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.e:
Compare and contrast the results for winter and spring.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.g:
State the activity and season that occupied the greatest mean percentage of observation time.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.h: Suggest a reason for the difference in the time observed eating and drinking.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.i:
Calculate the percentage of containers that contained food.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.j:
Outline a reason that the path length was standardized.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.k:
Compare and contrast the results for trials 2 and 9.
22N.2.HL.TZ0.l: With reference to all the data, suggest a reason for the difference in standardized mean path...

C3.1.5. The spinal cord as an integrating centre for unconscious processes

None

C3.1.6. Input to the spinal cord and cerebral hemispheres through sensory neurons

None

C3.1.7. Output from the cerebral hemispheres to muscles through motor neurons

None

C3.1.8. Nerves as bundles of nerve fibres of both sensory and motor neurons

None

C3.1.9. Pain reflex arcs as an example of involuntary responses with skeletal muscle as the effector

None

C3.1.10. Role of the cerebellum in coordinating skeletal muscle contraction and balance

None

C3.1.11. Modulation of sleep patterns by melatonin secretion as a part of circadian rhythms

23M.2.HL.TZ1.2d: Outline the role of melatonin in humans.
23M.2.HL.TZ1.2d: Outline the role of melatonin in humans.
23M.2.HL.TZ1.d: Outline the role of melatonin in humans.

C3.1.12. Epinephrine (adrenaline) secretion by the adrenal glands to prepare the body for vigorous activity

C3.1.13. Control of the endocrine system by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

None

C3.1.14. Feedback control of heart rate following sensory input from baroreceptors and chemoreceptors

C3.1.15. Feedback control of ventilation rate following sensory input from chemoreceptors

20N.2.SL.TZ0.23c: State the effect of carbon dioxide in blood on the rate of ventilation.
19N.1B.SL.TZ0.23: Explain how ventilation rate is changed during vigorous physical exercise.
23M.2.SL.TZ1.8:
Explain how breathing is controlled by the brain.
20N.2.SL.TZ0.c: State the effect of carbon dioxide in blood on the rate of ventilation.
19N.1B.SL.TZ0.23: Explain how ventilation rate is changed during vigorous physical exercise.
23M.2.SL.TZ1.8:
Explain how breathing is controlled by the brain.

C3.1.16. Control of peristalsis in the digestive system by the central nervous system and enteric nervous system

C3.1.17. Observations of tropic responses in seedlings

None

C3.1.18. Positive phototropism as a directional growth response to lateral light in plant shoots

SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.21: What is the cause of positive phototropism? A. Increased concentration of auxin on the side of...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.21: What is the cause of positive phototropism? A. Increased concentration of auxin on the side of...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.21: What is the cause of positive phototropism? A. Increased concentration of auxin on the side of...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.21: What is the cause of positive phototropism? A. Increased concentration of auxin on the side of...

C3.1.19. Phytohormones as signalling chemicals controlling growth, development and response to stimuli in plants

None

C3.1.20. Auxin efflux carriers as an example of maintaining concentration gradients of phytohormones

20N.1A.HL.TZ0.33: How does auxin exert its effect on plant cells? A. Acts directly on the cell wall, causing...
20N.1A.HL.TZ0.33: How does auxin exert its effect on plant cells? A. Acts directly on the cell wall, causing...

C3.1.21. Promotion of cell growth by auxin

21N.2.HL.TZ0.5c:
Outline the extension of the stem in plants.
22M.1A.HL.TZ2.33:
The picture shows lentils sprouts growing towards a light source from the left.

[Source: Russell Neches, Lentil sprouts reaching for the sun [image online] Available at https://www.flickr.com/photos/rneches/2081938105/ This file is licensed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/.]

How has this response been brought about?

A. A higher concentration of auxins on the light side caused faster photosynthesis.

B. A higher concentration of auxins on the shaded side caused faster meiosis.

C. A higher concentration of auxins on the shaded side caused faster cell elongation.

D. A higher concentration of chloroplasts on the light side allowed for more photosynthesis.
21M.2.HL.TZ1.6b:
Outline how the hormone auxin controls phototropism in plant shoots.
21M.1A.HL.TZ2.34: How does auxin contribute to phototropism? A. It increases production of light-sensitive...
21N.1A.HL.TZ1.33:
The diagram shows a plant shoot and the direction of the light which the shoot received.

[Source: USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database. Available at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alnus_seedling_drawing.png
[Accessed 30 November 2021].]

What are the direction of movement and the effect of auxin in the tip of a plant shoot when receiving light from one side?
21N.2.HL.TZ0.5c:
Outline the extension of the stem in plants.
21N.2.HL.TZ0.c:
Outline the extension of the stem in plants.
22M.1A.HL.TZ2.33:
The picture shows lentils sprouts growing towards a light source from the left.

[Source: Russell Neches, Lentil sprouts reaching for the sun [image online] Available at https://www.flickr.com/photos/rneches/2081938105/ This file is licensed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/.]

How has this response been brought about?

A. A higher concentration of auxins on the light side caused faster photosynthesis.

B. A higher concentration of auxins on the shaded side caused faster meiosis.

C. A higher concentration of auxins on the shaded side caused faster cell elongation.

D. A higher concentration of chloroplasts on the light side allowed for more photosynthesis.
21M.2.HL.TZ1.6b:
Outline how the hormone auxin controls phototropism in plant shoots.
21M.2.HL.TZ1.b:
Outline how the hormone auxin controls phototropism in plant shoots.
21M.1A.HL.TZ2.34: How does auxin contribute to phototropism? A. It increases production of light-sensitive...
21N.1A.HL.TZ1.33:
The diagram shows a plant shoot and the direction of the light which the shoot received.

[Source: USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database. Available at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alnus_seedling_drawing.png
[Accessed 30 November 2021].]

What are the direction of movement and the effect of auxin in the tip of a plant shoot when receiving light from one side?

C3.1.22. Interactions between auxin and cytokinin as a means of regulating root and shoot growth

21M.2.HL.TZ1.6b:
Outline how the hormone auxin controls phototropism in plant shoots.
21M.2.HL.TZ1.6b:
Outline how the hormone auxin controls phototropism in plant shoots.
21M.2.HL.TZ1.b:
Outline how the hormone auxin controls phototropism in plant shoots.

C3.1.23. Positive feedback in fruit ripening and ethylene production

SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.22: Which role does positive feedback play in fruit ripening? A. The production of ethylene leads to...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.22: Which role does positive feedback play in fruit ripening? A. The production of ethylene leads to...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.22: Which role does positive feedback play in fruit ripening? A. The production of ethylene leads to...
SPM.1A.HL.TZ0.22: Which role does positive feedback play in fruit ripening? A. The production of ethylene leads to...