E.4 Fission

The energy released in the reaction is about 180 MeV. Estimate, in J, the energy released when 1 kg of ${}_{92}{}^{235}\text{U}$ undergoes fission.

The energy released in the reaction is about 180 MeV. Estimate, in J, the energy released when 1 kg of ${}_{92}{}^{235}\text{U}$ undergoes fission.

The energy released in the reaction is about 180 MeV. Estimate, in J, the energy released when 1 kg of ${}_{92}{}^{235}\text{U}$ undergoes fission.

Suggest one problem that is faced in dealing with the waste from nuclear fission reactors. Go on to outline how this problem is overcome.

Suggest one problem that is faced in dealing with the waste from nuclear fission reactors. Go on to outline how this problem is overcome.

Suggest one problem that is faced in dealing with the waste from nuclear fission reactors. Go on to outline how this problem is overcome.

Strontium-90 is a waste product from nuclear reactors that has a decay constant of 7.63 x 10⁻¹⁰ s⁻¹. Determine, in s, the time that it takes for the activity of strontium-90 to decay to 2% of its original activity.

Strontium-90 is a waste product from nuclear reactors that has a decay constant of 7.63 x 10⁻¹⁰ s⁻¹. Determine, in s, the time that it takes for the activity of strontium-90 to decay to 2% of its original activity.

Strontium-90 is a waste product from nuclear reactors that has a decay constant of 7.63 x 10⁻¹⁰ s⁻¹. Determine, in s, the time that it takes for the activity of strontium-90 to decay to 2% of its original activity.

Calculate the energy released when one mole of strontium-90 decays to 2% of its original activity forming the stable daughter product.

Calculate the energy released when one mole of strontium-90 decays to 2% of its original activity forming the stable daughter product.

Calculate the energy released when one mole of strontium-90 decays to 2% of its original activity forming the stable daughter product.

Strontium-90 decays to Zirconium-90 via two successive beta emissions. Discuss whether all the energy released when strontium-90 decays to Zirconium-90 can be transferred to a thermal form.

Strontium-90 decays to Zirconium-90 via two successive beta emissions. Discuss whether all the energy released when strontium-90 decays to Zirconium-90 can be transferred to a thermal form.

Strontium-90 decays to Zirconium-90 via two successive beta emissions. Discuss whether all the energy released when strontium-90 decays to Zirconium-90 can be transferred to a thermal form.

Calculate, in MeV, the energy released in the reaction.

Calculate, in MeV, the energy released in the reaction.

Calculate, in MeV, the energy released in the reaction.

Every neutron-induced fission reaction of uranium-235 releases an energy of about 200 MeV. A nuclear power station transfers an energy of about 2.4 GJ per second.

Determine the mass of uranium-235 that undergoes fission in one day in this power station.

Every neutron-induced fission reaction of uranium-235 releases an energy of about 200 MeV. A nuclear power station transfers an energy of about 2.4 GJ per second.

Determine the mass of uranium-235 that undergoes fission in one day in this power station.

Every neutron-induced fission reaction of uranium-235 releases an energy of about 200 MeV. A nuclear power station transfers an energy of about 2.4 GJ per second.

Determine the mass of uranium-235 that undergoes fission in one day in this power station.

State one source of the radioactive waste products from nuclear fission reactions.

State one source of the radioactive waste products from nuclear fission reactions.

State one source of the radioactive waste products from nuclear fission reactions.

Outline how this waste is treated after it has been removed from the fission reactor.

Outline how this waste is treated after it has been removed from the fission reactor.

Outline how this waste is treated after it has been removed from the fission reactor.

Two nuclides present in spent nuclear fuel ${}_{55}{}^{137}\text{Cs}$ are  and cerium-144 (${}_{58}{}^{144}\text{Ce}$). The initial activity of a sample of pure ${}_{58}{}^{144}\text{Ce}$ is about 40 times greater than the activity of the same amount of pure ${}_{55}{}^{137}\text{Cs}$.

Discuss which of the two nuclides is more likely to require long-term storage once removed from the reactor.

Two nuclides present in spent nuclear fuel ${}_{55}{}^{137}\text{Cs}$ are  and cerium-144 (${}_{58}{}^{144}\text{Ce}$). The initial activity of a sample of pure ${}_{58}{}^{144}\text{Ce}$ is about 40 times greater than the activity of the same amount of pure ${}_{55}{}^{137}\text{Cs}$.

Discuss which of the two nuclides is more likely to require long-term storage once removed from the reactor.

Two nuclides present in spent nuclear fuel ${}_{55}{}^{137}\text{Cs}$ are  and cerium-144 (${}_{58}{}^{144}\text{Ce}$). The initial activity of a sample of pure ${}_{58}{}^{144}\text{Ce}$ is about 40 times greater than the activity of the same amount of pure ${}_{55}{}^{137}\text{Cs}$.

Discuss which of the two nuclides is more likely to require long-term storage once removed from the reactor.

A fusion reaction of one nucleus of hydrogen-2 and one nucleus of hydrogen-3 converts 0.019 u to energy. A fission reaction of one nucleus of uranium-235 converts a mass of 0.190 u to energy.

What is the ratio $\frac{\text{specific energy of this fusion of hydrogen}}{\text{specific energy of this fission of uranium}}$?

A.  0.1

B.  0.2

C.  5

D.  10

A fusion reaction of one nucleus of hydrogen-2 and one nucleus of hydrogen-3 converts 0.019 u to energy. A fission reaction of one nucleus of uranium-235 converts a mass of 0.190 u to energy.

What is the ratio $\frac{\text{specific energy of this fusion of hydrogen}}{\text{specific energy of this fission of uranium}}$?

A.  0.1

B.  0.2

C.  5

D.  10

During the nuclear fission of nucleus X into nucleus Y and nucleus Z, energy is released. The binding energies per nucleon of X, Y and Z are $B_{\text{X}}$ , $B_{\text{Y}}$ and $B_{\text{Z}}$ respectively. What is true about the binding energy per nucleon of X, Y and Z?

A.  $B_{\text{Y}}$ > $B_{\text{X}}$ and $B_{\text{Z}}$ > $B_{\text{X}}$

B.  $B_{\text{X}}$ = $B_{\text{Y}}$ and $B_{\text{X}}$ = $B_{\text{Z}}$

C.  $B_{\text{X}}$ > $B_{\text{Y}}$ and $B_{\text{X}}$ > $B_{\text{Z}}$

D.  $B_{\text{X}}$ = $B_{\text{Y}}$ + $B_{\text{Z}}$

During the nuclear fission of nucleus X into nucleus Y and nucleus Z, energy is released. The binding energies per nucleon of X, Y and Z are $B_{\text{X}}$ , $B_{\text{Y}}$ and $B_{\text{Z}}$ respectively. What is true about the binding energy per nucleon of X, Y and Z?

A.  $B_{\text{Y}}$ > $B_{\text{X}}$ and $B_{\text{Z}}$ > $B_{\text{X}}$

B.  $B_{\text{X}}$ = $B_{\text{Y}}$ and $B_{\text{X}}$ = $B_{\text{Z}}$

C.  $B_{\text{X}}$ > $B_{\text{Y}}$ and $B_{\text{X}}$ > $B_{\text{Z}}$

D.  $B_{\text{X}}$ = $B_{\text{Y}}$ + $B_{\text{Z}}$

A neutron is absorbed by a nucleus of uranium-235$\left({}_{92}{}^{235}\text{U}\right)$. One possible outcome is the production of two nuclides, barium-144$\left({}_{56}{}^{144}\text{Ba}\right)$ and krypton-89$\left({}_{36}{}^{89}\text{Kr}\right)$.

How many neutrons are released in this reaction?

A.  0

B.  1

C.  2

D.  3

A neutron is absorbed by a nucleus of uranium-235$\left({}_{92}{}^{235}\text{U}\right)$. One possible outcome is the production of two nuclides, barium-144$\left({}_{56}{}^{144}\text{Ba}\right)$ and krypton-89$\left({}_{36}{}^{89}\text{Kr}\right)$.

How many neutrons are released in this reaction?

A.  0

B.  1

C.  2

D.  3