Question 18M.3.HL.TZ2.5
| Date | May 2018 | Marks available | [Maximum mark: 7] | Reference code | 18M.3.HL.TZ2.5 |
| Level | HL | Paper | 3 | Time zone | TZ2 |
| Command term | Deduce, Label, Predict, State | Question number | 5 | Adapted from | N/A |
The images show differences in structure between the brain of a person without Alzheimer’s disease (image I) and the brain of a patient with Alzheimer’s disease (image II).
[Source: Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature: Nature, Pathways towards and away from Alzheimer’s disease,
Mark P. Mattson, © 2004]
Label the cerebellum on image I.
[1]
cerebellum properly labelled
[Source: Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature: Nature, Pathways towards and away from Alzheimer’s disease, Mark P. Mattson, © 2004]
State one function of the cerebellum.
[1]
balance
OR
coordination
OR
motor control
State the difference in the cerebral cortex between the two images of the brain.
[1]
a. «image II shows» reduction in size/volume/total amount of tissue/lobes
b. «image II shows» increased space between foldings
c. «image II shows» reduced surface area
Allow vice versa for image I.
A person with Alzheimer’s disease typically has a reduced nucleus accumbens. Predict how this will affect the person.
[2]
a. reduced cognitive function/processing/memory
b. reduced reward/pleasure perception
c. depression
OWTTE.
The images show the differences in glucose uptake between the brain of a person without Alzheimer’s disease (image I) and the brain of a patient with Alzheimer’s disease (image II). The key indicates the levels of glucose uptake.
Deduce the implications of reduced glucose uptake in the brain of a patient with Alzheimer’s disease.
[2]
a. brain metabolism requires large energy inputs
OR
glucose is the only source of energy of the brain
b. «less glucose» means there is less respiration/metabolic reactions
c. less cognitive/functional/synaptic activity
d. some cell death