Charles' law states that volume is proportional to absolute temperature, for a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure.
Key Concepts
\(V\propto T\)
\(V\) is volume (m3)
\(T\) is temperature (K)
\({V_1\over T_1}={V_2\over T_2}\)
Essentials
Simulated experiment
If a piston is allowed to move freely, the pressure of the gas will equal the atmospheric pressure. If the temperature is increased the gas will expand.
Kinetic theory explanation
If the temperature of a gas is increased, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases. In order for the total amount of force exerted on the walls of the container to remain constant, the time between collisions must increase. Therefore, the volume of the container increases such that pressure is constant.
Word list: kelvin, celsius, directly, inversely, pressure volume. temperature
For a fixed of gas at constant , the is proportional to the in .
The temperature of a fixed mass of gas with volume 250 ml is raised form 300 K to 900 K at atmospheric pressure.
The new volume is:
3 x temp must be 3 x volume.
300 ml of gas is at a temperature of 27°C. What would the temperature be if the gas expanded to 450 ml at constant pressure.
The ratio V1/V2 = T1/T2
Temp must be in K = 273 + 27 = 300K
300/450 = 300/T2
Fill in the blanks in this explanation of why volume is proportional to temperature at constant pressure.
Word list: speed, outwards, inwards, temperature, pressure, KE, force
When the is increased the molecules have more so move with higher . This means that when they hit the piston they exert a larger . If the opposing is not increased then the piston will move until the on the inside again equals that on the outside.
Which of the following statements is true when a gas expands at constant pressure?
If P constant then the temp must rise so heat was added.
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Charles' law states that volume is proportional to absolute temperature, for a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure.
If a piston is allowed to move freely, the pressure of the gas will equal the atmospheric pressure. If the temperature is increased the gas will expand.
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