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Question 18N.3.HL.TZ0.19

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Date November 2018 Marks available [Maximum mark: 7] Reference code 18N.3.HL.TZ0.19
Level HL Paper 3 Time zone TZ0
Command term Compare and contrast, Outline, State Question number 19 Adapted from N/A
19.
[Maximum mark: 7]
18N.3.HL.TZ0.19

The mean systolic blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) of many individuals were measured. The results are displayed in the box plot.

[Reprinted from Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 9(2), Noritaka Kawada, Kaori Nakanishi, Tohru Ohama, Makoto Nishida, Keiko Yamauchi-Takihara and Toshiki Moriyama, 'Gender differences in the relationship between blood pressure and body mass index during adolescence', pp. 141–151, Copyright (2015), with permission from Elsevier. https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/obesity-research-and-clinical-practice]

(a)

Compare and contrast the relationship between BMI and systolic blood pressure in males and females.

[2]

Markscheme

a. both males and females have higher «mean/range» SBP as weight increases
OR
both males and females have highest SBP for overweight BMI ✔

b. «SPB» males «slightly» greater than females in all BMIs ✔

c. similar values/no/little difference between underweight and normal weight in females but «visible/obvious» difference in males ✔

d. range of SBP narrower in «overweight» females than males ✔

(b.i)

Outline the relationship between systolic blood pressure and hypertension.

[1]

Markscheme

«at rest/chronic/constant» higher than normal «120 mmHg» systolic blood pressure is an indicator of hypertension ✔
OWTTE

(b.ii)

State two effects hypertension can have on the circulatory system.

[2]

Markscheme

stroke ✔

thrombosis ✔

blood clot ✔

heart attack ✔

heart failure ✔

aortic aneurysms ✔

coronary heart disease/CHD ✔

peripheral arterial disease ✔

atherosclerosis ✔

 

Award up to [2 max] for the first two answers given

(c)

State how blood pressure and heart rate can be measured.

[2]

Markscheme

blood pressure:

sphygmomanometer/blood pressure monitor
OR
description how this is used ✔

 

heart rate:

taking pulse manually/using a blood rate monitor/stethoscope «to count the beats» ✔
OWTTE

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